The demonstrations began on September 25 over water and power shortages, but quickly escalated into wider anger over corruption, poor governance, and lack of basic services
Photo : AP
Madagascar’s President Andry Rajoelina fled the country on Monday stating that his life was under threat as the country remains embroiled in weeks-long protests led by the youth. The unrest, led largely by young people frustrated with economic hardship and governance failures, represents the latest in a wave of Gen Z-driven movements challenging leaders around the world.
Why Rajoelina Left
According to Opposition leaders, a military source, and a foreign diplomat quoted by news agency Reuters, Rajoelina departed Madagascar on Sunday aboard a French military aircraft. French radio RFI reported that he had struck a deal with President Emmanuel Macron, though Macron himself said he could not immediately confirm France’s involvement.
What Sparked the Protests
The demonstrations began on September 25 over water and power shortages, but quickly escalated into wider anger over corruption, poor governance, and lack of basic services. Madagascar’s median age is under 20, and the country’s youth make up a majority of the population.
Protesters drew attention to stagnant wages and soaring living costs. Adrianarivony Fanomegantsoa, 22, a hotel worker, said his $67 monthly salary barely covers food, adding: “In 16 years the President and his government have done nothing except enrich themselves while the people stay poor. And the youth, the Gen Z, suffer the most.”
At least 22 people have died in clashes between protesters and security forces since the unrest began, according to the United Nations.
The Role of the Military
The defections led to the political isolation of Rajoelina, fuelling questions over whether he had the ability to govern the country. Things turned for the worse when the Senate President was temporarily replaced, highlighting the political vacuum.
Madagascar’s unrest is part of a pattern of youth-driven protests globally, with Gen Z mobilising against ruling elites over inequality and corruption. Similar movements recently toppled leaders in Nepal and sparked demonstrations in Morocco.
Before leaving, Rajoelina issued pardons to several prisoners, including two French nationals convicted in a failed 2021 coup attempt. According to sources, the move was aimed at securing foreign goodwill before moving abroad.
